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TitleGeneric revision of the subtribe Gyrophaenina (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) with a review of the described subgenera and major features of evolution
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Author(s)
JournalQuaestiones Entomologicae
ISSN0033-5037
Volume20
Issue3
Pages129--349
BioStor 195144
Year
Citation
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Gyrophaenina●●●●● ● ● ●●●●● ● ● ● ● ● ●●● ● ● ● ● ● ●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●● ●●●●● ● ● ● ● ● ●●●●●●●●●●● ● ●●● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●●● ● ●●● ●●●●●●● ● ● ● ● ●●●●●●●●● ● ● ● ● ● ●●●●● ● ●●● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●●● ●
Gyrophaena apacheana●●                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
Brachida●●   ●           ● ●  ●  ● ●●●● ● ●●                                                         ●      ●   ● ●● ●●           ●●●●●      ●    ●● ●●●●●  ● ●           ●    ●●●●●      ●    ● ●●  ●      ●         ●          ●●● 
Encephalus●● ●         ●  ●     ●  ●●●● ●●●                                                            ●      ●     ●  ●●●●        ●●●                     ● ●              ●                    ● ●    ●               ●          ●●● 
Brachychara●● ●         ●● ●●   ●●  ●●● ● ●● ●                                                                        ●●●● ●              ●    ●●●●           ●              ●          ●  ● ●●             ●                       ●●● 
Agaricomorpha●●           ●  ●●       ●●●●●●●●●●                                       ●                             ●  ●● ● ●              ●     ●●●       ●                  ●          ●  ● ●●                                     ●●  
Adelarthra●●           ●  ●         ●● ●  ●                                                                          ●  ●●                 ●●●●              ●              ●          ●  ●●●            ●                         ●●  
Brachida modesta●●                                                                                                                          ●                                                                                                
Pseudoligota●●           ●        ●● ●●  ●● ● ●                                                                        ●● ● ●                ●● ●                             ●          ●  ● ●                 ●                     ●● 
Probrachida●●               ●●  ●●●●●●●    ● ●                                                          ●            ●   ●●           ●●●●              ●●●●●  ● ● ●         ●    ●●●●●                                              ●● 
Gyrophaena●●●●       ● ●● ●●●●●●●● ●●●●●●●● ●●                                   ●                     ● ●● ●●    ●●● ●●● ●●●●●●●●●●●●  ●●      ●● ●●      ●●●●             ●        ●● ●    ● ●●● ●   ●● ● ●●●●●●      ●●    ●  ●●●●● 
Sternotropa●●           ●● ●     ●  ●●●●●● ● ●                                                                     ● ●   ● ●             ●●●●●●●  ●       ● ●                ●        ●●●●●● ●●     ●●  ●●●●●  ●  ●      ●           ●● 
Coleoptera●           ●                                                                                                                                                                            ●                      ●●●●●●●●●●   
Phanerota●●●          ●  ●●  ● ●  ●●●●●●●● ●●                           ●                               ●        ●●  ●●● ● ●●●●●●●                  ●     ●●●●             ●                ●   ●             ●●●      ●           ●● 
Bolitocharina●●                      ●        ●                            ●   ●    ●                  ●                   ●                          ●                           ●●                  ●   ●●●              ●          ●   
Subtribe●                                                                                                          ●                                                                                                                 
Staphylinidae●                                                                                                                                                                                                               ●●●●●●●●●    
Neobrachida●●                        ●       ●                                                                        ●  ● ●                 ●●             ●                ●          ●  ● ●      ●    ●                           ●  
Aleocharinae●  ●       ●●             ●●                                                                                 ●                                  ● ●               ●                                             ●●●●●●●● ●   
Eumicrota●●           ●  ●●  ● ●  ●●●●●●●● ●●                                             ●                      ● ● ●●● ●  ●●   ●●                ●      ● ●              ●                ●   ●            ●                    ●●● 
Agaricochara●●                       ●●  ●  ● ●●                                                                    ● ● ●●● ● ●●●●   ●    ●●      ●●             ●            ●    ●     ●●    ●  ●             ●                    ●●● 
Amanita verna   ●                                                                                         ●                                                                                                          ●●                  ●
Deinopsini            ●                                                                                                                                                                                                       ●    ●   
Gymnusini            ●                                                                                                                                                                                                       ●    ●   
Chironomidae            ●                                                                                                                                                                                                            ●   
Phaenocora gracilis             ●                                                                                                                                                                                                               
Gyrophaena vitrina             ●●                              ●     ●          ●           ●                                                                                                                                                  
Gyrophaena pulchella Heer, 1839             ●                    ●                                                                ●                                                                                                                         
Phanerota fasciata             ●●                          ●     ●   ●    ●      ●      ●●●  ●  ●                ●●            ●       ● ●                                                                         ●●     ●●      ●●           
Gyrophaena compacta             ●                                                                                                                                                                                                               
Gyrophaena fuscicollis              ●                                                                                                                                                                                                              
Gyrophaena nana               ●                        ●    ●                    ●  ●● ●     ● ●    ●    ●●●     ●              ●  ●                                                                  ●                                     
Gyrophaena sculptipennis               ●                        ●    ●                                                                                                                                                                               
Phaenogyra                ●                                                                                        ●   ●     ●●          ●                                                                                          ●● 
Gyrophaena strictula Erichson, 1839                 ●                                                                                                                                                                                                           
Acanthophaena                 ●                                                                                       ●         ●●●●●                   ●                                                                             ●●  
Agaricomorpha apacheana                  ●                         ● ●    ●   ●     ●    ● ● ● ●●   ● ●    ●     ●●●  ●             ●                        ●●                                                                                     
Leptarthrophaena                   ●                                                                                               ●●●                                                                                                    ●  
Encephalus americanus                    ●●        ●                ●         ●                ●      ●    ●                                                                                                                                      
Labrum                    ●                                                                                       ●    ●    ● ● ●● ●● ●● ●●●●     ●●           ●                                                                   
Phanerota dissimilis                     ●●                      ● ●                   ● ●    ●●    ●    ●                                                                                                                           ●           
Gyrophaena frosti                     ●                        ●                        ●      ●      ●                                                                                                                                       
Gyrophaena antennalis                      ●                  ●   ● ●        ●     ●   ●        ●    ●                                                                                                                                            
Aleocharini                       ●  ●                                                                                                                                         ●                                                    ●   
Bolitocharini                       ●         ●                                                                           ●●                                                    ●●●                                                ●  ●   
Bolitochara lunulata                        ●                                     ●   ●            ●          ●●     ●                                                                                                                     ●     
Gymnusa                          ●      ●                                                                                                                                                                                       ●   
Myllaenini                           ●                                                                                                                                                                                             ●   
Silusina                           ●                                                                                                                                                                                             ●   
Falagriini                              ●                                                                                                                                     ●                                                    ●   
Prosternum                              ●                                                                                       ● ● ●● ● ●● ●●●●●             ●                                                                        
Sternotropa brevicornis                               ●           ●      ●   ●     ●    ●  ●   ●●  ●  ●                                                                                                                                             
Agaricochara laevicollis                                ●          ●      ●   ●     ●    ●  ●  ●●   ●  ●  ●    ●                     ●      ●         ●                                                                                              
Sterna                                 ●                                                                                ●   ● ●   ●● ●    ●●●                                                                                      
Aleochara curtula                                   ●                                                            ●                                                                                                                     ●      
Bolitochara                                   ●                                                                                 ●                                               ●                                                   ● ● 
Gyrophaena egena                                         ●                                                                                                                                                              ●                    
Eumicrota corruscula                                          ●  ● ●    ●    ●     ●   ● ●●●   ●  ●  ●   ●    ● ●                       ●   ●                                                                                                    
Brachida exigua                                           ●     ●   ●     ●    ●         ●    ●  ●    ●     ●                                ●                                                                                              
Gyrophaena affinis                                              ●                                 ●                                                                                                                                     ●      
Gyrophaena blackwelderi                                              ●                   ●     ●     ●                                                                                                                                              
Brachida africana                                                 ●              ●                 ●                                                                                                                                          
Encephalus complicans Kirby, 1832                                                    ●    ●     ●              ●  ●    ●      ●                           ●                                                                                                   
Sternotropa nigra                                                                                  ●    ●                                        ●                                                                                            
Brachychara brevicornis                                                                                    ●                                                                                                                                        
Gyrophaena gilvicollis                                                                                          ● ●                                                                                                                                
Daedalea                                                                                             ●                                                                                                                               
Ciidae                                                                                              ●                                                                                                   ●       ●         ●●   ●   
Fomes                                                                                               ●                                                                                                                            ●
Tricholomopsis rutilans                                                                                                 ●                                                                                                                          ●
Gyrophaena gentilis                                                                                                 ● ●         ●                                                                                                               
Aleochara moerens                                                                                                 ●                                                                                                                     ●     
Paxillus                                                                                                 ●                                                                                                                           
Russula                                                                                                 ●                                                                                                      ●●                   
Gyrophaena simulans                                                                                                   ●                                                                                                                         
Tricholoma                                                                                                   ●                                                                                                     ●                  ●
Dacne                                                                                                      ●                                                                                                                  ●   
Diaperis maculata                                                                                                      ●                                                                                                                      
Megalodacne                                                                                                      ●                                                                                                                   ●  
Triplax                                                                                                      ●                                                                                                                   ●  
Oxyporus                                                                                                      ●                                                                                 ●                                 ●  
Acarina                                                                                                      ●                                                                                                                  ●   
Tritoma                                                                                                      ●                                                                                                                   ●  
Bolitotherus cornutus                                                                                                      ●                                                                                  ●                         ●●●       
Collembola                                                                                                      ●                                                                                                                  ●   
Myxomycetes                                                                                                      ●                                                                                                             ●        
Nanosellinae                                                                                                      ●                                                                                                                  ●   
Oligota oviformis                                                                                                       ●                                                                                                             ●       
Agaricophaena                                                                                                         ●         ●●●                                                                                                   ●●  
Enkentrophaena                                                                                                         ●          ●●                                                                                                   ● ● 
Orphnebioidea                                                                                                         ●          ●●                                                                                                    ●● 
Gyrophaenini                                                                                                           ● ●                                                                                                           ●   
Prostheca                                                                                                            ●    ●    ●   ●  ● ●     ●                                                                                       
Lacinia                                                                                                            ●                                 ●●                                                                             
Ligula                                                                                                            ●  ●●●   ●  ●●                                                                                                   
Hoplomicra                                                                                                             ●                                                                                                            ●  
Diestota                                                                                                             ●                                                                                                           ●   
Lacordaire                                                                                                                 ●                                                                                                  ●        
Staphylinus                                                                                                                 ●   ●                                                                                                       
Allocota                                                                                                                   ●●●                                                                                                   ●●  
Phaenogyra strictula                                                                                                                    ●                                                                                                        
Razia                                                                                                                     ●                                                                                                    ●  
Acanthophaena appendieclata Motschulsky,                                                                                                                     ● ●                                                                                                     
Astilbus                                                                                                                     ●                                                                                                   ●   
Brachida importuna                                                                                                                            ●                                                                                                
Homalota                                                                                                                             ●                                                                                            ●  
Oligotini                                                                                                                              ●                                                                                          ●   
Brachida elevata                                                                                                                              ●                                                                                              
Polyporus                                                                                                                                  ●                                                                                          
Habrocerinae                                                                                                                                                   ●                                                                     ●   
Phloeocharinae                                                                                                                                                   ●                                                                         
Tachyporinae                                                                                                                                                   ●                                                                     ●   
Scutellum                                                                                                                                                   ●                                                                         
Oxypodini                                                                                                                                                       ●                                                                 ●   
Athetini                                                                                                                                                                    ●                                                    ●   
Leptusa                                                                                                                                                                     ●                                                    ●  
Oxyporinae                                                                                                                                                                                        ●                         ●      ●   
Tetratoma fungorum                                                                                                                                                                                         ●                           ●       
Diptera                                                                                                                                                                                         ● ●                      ●      ●   
Piptoporus betulinus (Bull.) P. Karst. 1881                                                                                                                                                                                         ●                                  ●
Gyrophaena flavicornis                                                                                                                                                                                                  ●                          
Ascomycetes                                                                                                                                                                                                   ●                        ●
Agaricales                                                                                                                                                                                                   ●                        ●
Lycoperdales                                                                                                                                                                                                   ●                        ●
Boletaceae                                                                                                                                                                                                   ●                        ●
Clavariaceae                                                                                                                                                                                                   ●                        ●
Polyporaceae                                                                                                                                                                                                   ●               ●●       ●
Hydnaceae                                                                                                                                                                                                   ●                        ●
Phallales                                                                                                                                                                                                   ●                        ●
Nidulariales                                                                                                                                                                                                   ●                        ●
Aphyllophorales                                                                                                                                                                                                   ●                        ●
Heterobasidiomycetes                                                                                                                                                                                                   ●                        ●
Russulaceae                                                                                                                                                                                                      ● ●                ●  ●
Agaricaceae                                                                                                                                                                                                      ●●            ●       ●
PULCHELLA                                                                                                                                                                                                      ●                      
Lepiotaceae                                                                                                                                                                                                      ●●                    ●
Affinis                                                                                                                                                                                                      ●                      
Rhodophyllaceae                                                                                                                                                                                                      ●                      
Egena                                                                                                                                                                                                      ●                      
Tricholomataceae                                                                                                                                                                                                      ●   ●                  
Coprinaceae                                                                                                                                                                                                      ●●                    ●
Amanitaceae                                                                                                                                                                                                      ●                      
Cortinariaceae                                                                                                                                                                                                      ● ● ●                  
Gyrophaena nanoides                                                                                                                                                                                                        ●●                   
Pleurotus                                                                                                                                                                                                        ●●                  ●
Lactarius                                                                                                                                                                                                        ●●                   
Gyrophaena monticola                                                                                                                                                                                                        ● ●                  
Cortinarius                                                                                                                                                                                                        ●●                   
Hypholoma fasciculare                                                                                                                                                                                                        ●                    
Crepidotaceae                                                                                                                                                                                                        ●                   ●
Amanita                                                                                                                                                                                                         ●                   
Amanitopsis                                                                                                                                                                                                         ●                   
Russula crustosa                                                                                                                                                                                                         ●                   
Boletus                                                                                                                                                                                                         ●                   
Armillaria                                                                                                                                                                                                         ●                   
Clitocybe clavipes                                                                                                                                                                                                         ●                   
Collybia confluens                                                                                                                                                                                                         ●                   
Mycena                                                                                                                                                                                                         ●                   
Entoloma                                                                                                                                                                                                         ●                   
Clitopilus                                                                                                                                                                                                         ●                   
Lepiota                                                                                                                                                                                                         ●                   
Clitocybe                                                                                                                                                                                                         ●●                  
Pholiota squarrosa                                                                                                                                                                                                          ●                  
Pleurotus ostreatus                                                                                                                                                                                                          ●                  
Hemiptera                                                                                                                                                                                                                ●            
Gerromorpha                                                                                                                                                                                                                ●            
Atheta                                                                                                                                                                                                                 ●  ● ● ●    
Phloeoxena                                                                                                                                                                                                                 ●           
Lebiini                                                                                                                                                                                                                 ●           
Dimetrota                                                                                                                                                                                                                 ●           
Oreostiba                                                                                                                                                                                                                 ●           
Metaxya                                                                                                                                                                                                                 ●           
Fennica                                                                                                                                                                                                                 ●           
Carabidae                                                                                                                                                                                                                 ●      ●    
Hygroecia                                                                                                                                                                                                                 ●           
Staphylinoidea                                                                                                                                                                                                                  ●  ●       
Ptiliidae                                                                                                                                                                                                                  ●          
Xantholinini                                                                                                                                                                                                                  ●          
Limulodidae                                                                                                                                                                                                                  ●          
Aphroteniinae                                                                                                                                                                                                                  ●          
Polyporus betulinus (Bull.) Fr. 1815                                                                                                                                                                                                                  ●  ●●      
Bledius                                                                                                                                                                                                                   ●         
Mandibularis                                                                                                                                                                                                                   ●         
Oxytelinae                                                                                                                                                                                                                   ●         
Tenebrionidae                                                                                                                                                                                                                   ●●●       
Basidiomycetes                                                                                                                                                                                                                   ●●        
Gyrophaena manca Erichson, 1839                                                                                                                                                                                                                   ●         
Pselaphidae                                                                                                                                                                                                                    ●        
Mandibulata                                                                                                                                                                                                                    ●  ●     
Hypocyphtinae                                                                                                                                                                                                                    ●        
Deinopsis                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ●       
Tetratomidae                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ●       
Amidobia                                                                                                                                                                                                                      ●      
Fomes fomentarius                                                                                                                                                                                                                      ●      
INSECTA                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ●     
Aleochara                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ●   ● 
Polyporus versicolor                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ●     
Cis vitula                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ●     
Americana                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ●     
Scaritini                                                                                                                                                                                                                        ●    
Schizogenius                                                                                                                                                                                                                        ●    
Bolitotherus                                                                                                                                                                                                                          ●  
Oligota                                                                                                                                                                                                                           ● 
Tetratoma                                                                                                                                                                                                                           ● 
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