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TitleA reclassification of bombardier beetles and a taxonomic revision of the north and middle American species (Carabidae: Brachinida)
Thumbnail
Author(s)
JournalQuaest. Ent.
ISSN0033-5037
Volume6
Pages4--215
BioStor 195136
Year
Citation
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Brachinus janthinipennis●                                                                                                                                                   ●   ●                                                           
Pheropsophidius ●●      ● ●    ●    ● ●      ● ●●           ●                                                                                                                  ●●       ●           ● ●   ●● ●                     
Brachinus ●●    ● ●●  ●  ●    ● ●    ● ● ●    ●●●●●●●●●     ●              ●        ●    ●        ●        ●                ●●     ●   ●     ●                    ●  ● ●●●         ●  ●  ●   ●● ●    ● ● ●●●●●● ●●●● ●  ● ● ●
Carabidae ●●                                       ●                                                                                                       ●             ●  ●    ●                                    ●●●●●● 
Coleoptera  ●                                                                                                                                                                                                          ●●●●●●●
Crepidogastrini  ●     ●●●● ●  ● ●  ● ●●●                                                                                                                                           ●                   ●●                  ●      
Brachinus mexicanus   ●                                                                                            ● ● ●●                                                            ●                                                 
Hopla    ●                                                                                                                                                                                                               
Osus    ●                                                ●    ●●                  ●  ●    ●                  ●    ●          ●  ●          ●  ●   ●●          ●    ●                                                    
Brachinina       ●●●●● ●    ●     ●   ●        ●  ●                                                                                                                                ●●                 ●●●                     
Mastax       ● ●●● ●  ● ●  ●●     ●●                                                                                                                                     ●     ●          ●   ●●                          
Pheropsophus       ●●●      ● ●  ● ●     ●●●●●                                                                                                                                       ●          ●      ●   ●                ●●  
Brachinus crepitans       ● ●     ●                                                                                                                                                                                                    
Mastacina       ●●● ● ●          ●   ●                                                                                                                                     ●                      ●                          
Trechinae       ●                                                                                                                                                                                                        ●   
Orthoptera        ●                                                                                                                                                                                                           
Aptinoderus        ●            ●               ●                                                                                                                                    ●          ● ●    ●                       
Styphlomerus        ●●●●    ●    ● ●         ●●●●●                                                                                                                                   ●           ● ●    ●                       
Gryllotalpa africana        ●                                                                                                                                                                                                           
Trechini        ●  ● ●                                                                                                                                                                                                      
Aptinus        ●●●     ●    ● ●        ●●●●  ●    ●                                                                                                                             ●           ● ●    ● ●                    ●
Gryllotalpidae        ●                                                                                                                                                                                                           
Pheropsophus jessoensis        ●                                                                                                                                                                                                           
Brachinus pallidus        ●                                                                                 ●●●                                                                     ●                                            ●    
Brachinus viridipennis Dejean         ●                                                                      ● ●   ●                                                                                                                             
Metabrachinus         ●                             ●                                                                                                                                  ●          ● ●    ●                       
Aploa         ●   ●    ●    ●              ●● ●                                                                                                                                 ●         ● ●      ●                     
Chlaenius          ●                                                                                                                                                                                                   ●     
Tyronia          ●             ●  ●                                                                                                                                                        ●    ●                          
Brachynillus          ●             ●  ●                                                                                                                                                        ●                               
Labrum          ●              ●     ●  ●●   ●                                                                                                                                                                            
Aptinus bombarda (Illiger 1800)            ●      ●● ●                                                                                                                                                                                             
Pheropsophus bimaculatus            ● ●● ● ●● ●   ●                                                                                                                                                                                         
Brachinus sallei Chaudoir             ● ●                                                ●●●                                                                                                                                                 
Cnecostolus             ●         ●              ●●   ●                                                                                                                              ●          ● ●      ●                     
Brachinini             ●       ● ●    ●                                                                                                                                        ● ●                                         ●  
Stenaptinus             ●  ●    ●        ●●●●                                                                                                                                       ●           ●     ●                        
Protopheropsophus             ●                ● ●●                                                                                                                                       ●             ●   ●                        
Brachinus scotomedes             ●                                                                                                                                                                                                      
Brachynolomus             ●         ●              ●●●                                                                                                                                 ●          ●      ●                       
Brachinus costipennis             ● ●                             ●                                  ●●●                                                                                                                                 
Brachinus mobilis Erwin             ●                                                                                                                                           ● ●● ●                                                     
Brachinus melanarthrus               ●                                                ● ● ●                                                                                                                                               
Quintana               ●                                                 ●                                                                                                                                                  
Pterostichus                ●                                                                                                                                                                                            ●  ●   
Crepidogaster                     ●  ●●                                                                                                                                                          ●    ●                          
Bembidion                     ●                                                                                                                                                                                              
Crepidogastrillus                        ●  ●                                                                                                                                                        ●                               
Crepidonellus                        ●  ●                                                                                                                                                        ●                               
Endophallus                         ●   ●                                                                                                                                       ●  ●                                           
Lepidogaster bimaculatus                         ●                                                                                                                                                                                          
Pterothorax                         ●   ● ●●●●●● ● ●●●●●      ● ● ●● ●● ●   ● ●●● ● ● ●●● ● ●   ● ●●● ●  ●  ●  ●   ●●●●  ●●●● ● ●●●   ● ● ●●   ●   ●●●●  ●● ●●● ● ●●  ● ● ●●●                                                  
Ligula                         ●   ● ●  ●●    ●          ●      ●      ●   ● ●       ● ●   ● ● ●   ●   ●  ●    ● ●     ● ● ●●●   ●   ●●   ●       ●     ●●    ●  ● ● ●    ●                                               
Clypeus                         ●   ● ●  ●●   ●                                                                                                                                                                            
Crepidostoma                         ●                                                                                                                                                                                          
Lacordaire                            ●                                                                                                                                                                                    ●  
Brachinidae                            ●                                                                                                                                                                                       
Brachinites                            ●                                                                                                                                                                                       
Subtribe                            ●●   ●   ●                                                                                                                                                     ●                        
Saudia                             ●                                                                                                                                                                                      
Epipleura                             ● ●  ●                                                                                                                                                                                 
Carinae                              ●                                                                                                                                                                                     
Medium                              ●●●        ●●                                                                                                      ●                                                                  
Parapheropsophus                              ●                                                                                                                                                                                     
Brachinus bombarda                                  ●                                                                                                                                                                                 
Aptinus displosor                                  ●                                                                                                                                      ●                                          
Lapsus calami                                   ●                                                                                 ●     ●                                                                                        
Styphromerus                                   ●                                                                                                                                                                                
Brachynomorphus                                     ●                                                                                                                                    ●                                         
Brachynidius                                      ● ●                                                                                                                                                                           
Brachinus connectus                                      ●                                                                                                                                                                             
Pseudaptinus                                      ●   ●                                                                                                                                                                         
Brachynus                                      ●●                                                                                                                                                                          ● 
Virga                                                   ● ● ●  ●●  ●  ● ●●● ● ● ●●● ●   ● ● ●●● ●  ●  ●  ●   ●●●●  ●●●● ● ●●●   ● ● ●  ● ●   ●●●●  ●● ● ● ● ●●  ●   ●●       ●   ●  ●                                    
Brachinus americanus                                                   ●● ●                                                                                                                                                             
Brachinus capnicus Erwin                                                    ● ● ●                                                                                                                                                           
Polas                                                     ●                                                                                                                                                              
Brachinus texanus                                                        ●●  ●                                                                                                                                                       
Madera                                                         ●     ●                   ●         ●         ●                        ●                                                                                   
Brachinus elongatulus                                                         ●  ●●                                                                                                                                                      
Brachinus rhytiderus                                                         ● ●●                                                                                                                                                       
Brachinus rhytiderus Chaudoir, 1876                                                           ●                                                                                                                                                        
Turrialba                                                             ●                                                                                                                                                      
Calera                                                             ●                                                                                                                                                      
Comayagua                                                             ●                                                                                                                                                      
Talpa                                                              ●                                                                                                                                                     
Primavera Gagne 2002                                                              ●                                       ●         ●                                                                                                   
Alamosa                                                               ●                                                                                                                                                    
Canelo                                                               ●                           ●           ●        ●                                                                                                   
Zacatecas                                                               ●                   ●       ●          ●         ●                                                                                                   
Maricopa                                                               ●         ●         ●       ●           ●  ●                                                                                                         
Atoyac                                                               ●         ●         ●                  ●          ●● ●                                                                                               
Sonoita                                                               ●                                                                                                                                                    
Heliconia                                                                 ●                                                                                                                                                  
Hispaniola                                                                   ●                                                                                                                                                
Brachinus lateralis                                                                     ●● ● ●                                                                                                                                         
Brachinus arboreus Chevrolat                                                                      ● ● ●●                                                                                                                                        
Yuriria                                                                       ●                                                                                                                                            
Navajoa                                                                         ●                                                                                                                                          
Sarasota                                                                             ●●         ●                                                                                                                           
Aldama                                                                             ●                                                                                                                                      
Atascosa                                                                              ●                                                                                                                                     
Alachua                                                                              ●         ●                  ●         ●                            ●  ●                                                              
Osceola                                                                              ●         ●                            ●                                                                                              
Volusia                                                                              ●      ●  ●          ●                                                 ●                                                              
Acadia                                                                              ●                                                                                                                                     
Escambia                                                                              ●                                                                                                                                     
Chorrera                                                                              ●                                                                                                                                     
Citrus L.                                                                              ●      ●                                                                                                                              
Almyra                                                                              ●                                                                                                                                     
Hermosa                                                                              ●                                                                                                                                     
Brachinus kansanus Leconte                                                                               ●● ●                                                                                                                                 
Scandia                                                                                ●●●                                                                                                                                 
Brachinus rugipennis                                                                                ● ●    ●                                                                                                                            
Brachinus carinulatus                                                                                 ●                                                                                                                                  
Brachinus carinulatus Motschulsky, 1852                                                                                 ●                                                                                                                                  
Brachinus alternans                                                                                  ● ●                                                                                                                               
Tujunga                                                                                   ●                                                     ●                                                                          
Quercus                                                                                   ●                                                                             ●                                                  
Platanus                                                                                   ●                                                     ●                                                                          
Brachinus tormentarius                                                                                    ●                                                                                                                               
Sonoma                                                                                    ●        ●                                                                                                                      
Tehama                                                                                    ●        ●         ●                                                                                                            
Brachinus deyrollei                                                                                    ●                                                                                                                               
Descanso                                                                                    ●                                                                                                                               
Welaka                                                                                     ●                               ●                                                                                              
Victoria                                                                                      ●           ●     ●●●              ●       ●      ● ● ●     ●            ●                                                    
Brachinus viridis                                                                                      ●                                                                                                                             
Brachinus hirsutus                                                                                         ●● ●                                                                                                                       
Brachinus cinctipennis Chevrolat                                                                                          ● ●●                                                                                                                      
Brachinus cibolensis Erwin                                                                                          ● ● ●                                                                                                                     
Catarina                                                                                           ●                                                                                                                        
Mariposa                                                                                             ●         ●                                                                                                            
Brachinus tschernikhi                                                                                               ●                                                                                                                    
Brachinus quadripennis                                                                                               ●● ●                                                                                                                 
Brachinus neglectus Leconte                                                                                                ● ●  ●    ●                                                                                                         
Perma                                                                                                 ● ●                          ●                                                                                     
Temecula                                                                                                  ●                                                                                                                 
Ashtabula                                                                                                   ●                  ●  ●             ●         ●                                                                  
Galeana                                                                                                      ●                                                                                                             
Cambria                                                                                                       ●                                                                                                            
Colusa                                                                                                       ●                                                                                                            
Gaviota                                                                                                       ●                                                                                                            
Crypta                                                                                                               ●                                                                                                    
Brachinus patruelis                                                                                                                 ●● ●                                                                                               
Brachinus conformis Dejean                                                                                                                  ●●●                                                                                               
Massa                                                                                                                    ●                                  ●                                                            
Montezuma                                                                                                                      ●  ●                       ●                                                                  
Sarnia                                                                                                                      ●                                                                                             
Brachinus tenuicollis                                                                                                                       ●● ●                                                                                         
Brachinus ballistarius                                                                                                                       ●                                                                                            
Brachinus cyanipennis                                                                                                                        ● ●●                                                                                        
Brachinus medius                                                                                                                        ● ●  ●                                                                                      
Hydrophilus obtusatus                                                                                                                         ●                                                                                          
Brachinus cordicollis                                                                                                                           ●                ●●  ●                                                                   
Unadilla                                                                                                                            ●                                                                                       
Varna                                                                                                                            ●                 ●           ●                                                         
Medora                                                                                                                            ●                                                                                       
Oceana                                                                                                                            ●                             ●                                                         
Brachinus minutus                                                                                                                             ●                                                                                      
Brachinus perplexus                                                                                                                                 ●●● ●   ●                                                                          
Brachinus puberulus Chaudoir                                                                                                                                 ● ● ●  ●                                                                           
Brachinus fumans                                                                                                                                 ●●● ●                                                                              
Brachinus favicollis                                                                                                                                 ● ● ●  ●                                                                           
Concordia                                                                                                                                  ●                                                                                 
Uinta                                                                                                                                       ●                                                                            
Anatone                                                                                                                                        ●                                                                           
Almota                                                                                                                                        ●                                                                           
Alnus                                                                                                                                         ●                                                                          
Fraxinus                                                                                                                                         ●                                                                          
Platypatrobus lacustris                                                                                                                                               ●                                                                    
Oceania                                                                                                                                                 ●                                                                  
Kalama                                                                                                                                                 ●                                                                  
Sodus                                                                                                                                                       ●                                                            
Vulcanus                                                                                                                                                       ●                                                            
Pheropsophidius aequinoctialis                                                                                                                                                         ●  ●    ●                                                  
Niobrara                                                                                                                                                          ●                                                         
Lebia grandis                                                                                                                                                                ●                                                   
Lebiini                                                                                                                                                                ●                                                   
Cymindis                                                                                                                                                                ●                                                   
Lebia                                                                                                                                                                ●                                                   
Omophronini                                                                                                                                                                  ●                                                 
Cryobius                                                                                                                                                                  ●                                          ●      
Beringia                                                                                                                                                                  ●                           ●●                    
Metriini                                                                                                                                                                  ●                                                 
Anisochaeta                                                                                                                                                                  ●●                                                
Ozaenini                                                                                                                                                                  ●                                                 
Galeritini                                                                                                                                                                   ●                                                
Trachypachus                                                                                                                                                                   ●                                                
Helluomorphoides                                                                                                                                                                   ●                                                
Rhysodini                                                                                                                                                                   ●                                                
Gehringiini                                                                                                                                                                   ●                                                
Galerita ruficollis                                                                                                                                                                   ●                                                
Metrius                                                                                                                                                                   ●                                                
Pseudomorpha                                                                                                                                                                   ●                                                
Puberulus                                                                                                                                                                             ●                                      
Conformis                                                                                                                                                                             ●                                      
Rugipennis                                                                                                                                                                             ●                                      
Lemuria                                                                                                                                                                                         ●                          
Evarthrus                                                                                                                                                                                                ● ●●    ●      ●    
Helluonini                                                                                                                                                                                                             ●      
Brachininae                                                                                                                                                                                                             ●      
Afra                                                                                                                                                                                                             ●      
Loricerini                                                                                                                                                                                                             ●      
Diplocheila                                                                                                                                                                                                             ●      
Treubia                                                                                                                                                                                                             ●      
Licinini                                                                                                                                                                                                             ●      
Carabinae                                                                                                                                                                                                             ●      
INSECTA                                                                                                                                                                                                              ● ●   
Adephaga                                                                                                                                                                                                              ●     
Cicindelidae                                                                                                                                                                                                              ●     
Tettigoniidae                                                                                                                                                                                                              ●     
Neobarrettia                                                                                                                                                                                                              ●     
Podonominae                                                                                                                                                                                                              ●     
Aphroteniinae                                                                                                                                                                                                              ●     
Perigonini                                                                                                                                                                                                               ●    
Harpalinae                                                                                                                                                                                                               ●    
Pseudomorphini                                                                                                                                                                                                               ●    
Leptoferonia                                                                                                                                                                                                                ●   
Philophuga                                                                                                                                                                                                                 ●  
Tecnophilus                                                                                                                                                                                                                 ●  
Pterostichus anthracinus                                                                                                                                                                                                                 ●  
Faunula                                                                                                                                                                                                                  ● 
Phila                                                                                                                                                                                                                  ● 
Florentina                                                                                                                                                                                                                  ● 
Gyrinus                                                                                                                                                                                                                   ●
Mandibulata                                                                                                                                                                                                                   ●
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